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Sound Parameters – Oscillators
67 Waldorf Q User’s Manual
The Sawtooth Wave
The Sawtooth Wave is the most popular synthesizer waveform. It consists of all harmonics where the
magnitude of each harmonic descends by the factor of its position. This means that the first harmonic
(the fundamental) has full magnitude, the second harmonic has half magnitude, the third harmonic
has a third magnitude and so on. The following picture shows how the individual harmonics build up
the sawtooth wave:
14 81216
Frequency
Magnitude
Time
Amplitude
+
=
1st Harmonic
Magnitude 1
2nd Harmonic
Magnitude 1/2
3rd Harmonic
Magnitude 1/3
4th Harmonic
Magnitude 1/4
Harmonics
+
+
+
.
.
Picture 11: Additive components of the Sawtooth wave
The sawtooth wave was thought as an abstraction of the timbre of string and brass instruments. You
can easily understand that when you think of a violin. Imagine a bow pulling the string slightly into
one direction. At one point, the string abruptly comes off the bow and swings back to its original
position. The bow is still moved and so it catches the string again and the procedure is repeated. The
result is a waveform that looks like a sawtooth. The same is true for a brass instrument. The string in
this case are the lips while the bow is the air. The lips are moved by the air to a certain extent and
abruptly move back to their original position.
- User´s Manual 1
- Q Keyboard/Q Rack/Q+ 1
- Garantiekarte / Warranty Card 2
- Foreword 4
- Front Panel Q Keyboard 5
- Frontpanel Q Rack 6
- Rear Panel 7
- Contents 8
- Introduction 10
- What to read? 11
- General Safety Guidelines 14
- Proper Use 15
- Setup and Connection 16
- ☞ To connect the devices: 17
- Audio Connections 18
- Digital S/PDIF Output 18
- External Input 19
- Switch Pedal Inputs 19
- Overview 20
- Memory Card 21
- Basic Operation 22
- Panic Function 23
- System Volume 23
- Demo Playback 23
- The Master Section 24
- Selecting Programs 24
- Multi Mode 25
- 78654321 90 26
- Bank Hold 27
- Switching Banks 27
- ☞ To select a card program: 28
- ☞ To select one instrument: 29
- Editing Parameters 30
- Editing Panel Parameters 31
- Control and Button Types 32
- ☞ To store a program: 35
- Instrument settings 38
- Volume 000…127 39
- Channel global, omni, 1…16 39
- LowKey C-2…G8 43
- HighKey C-2…G8 43
- Pattern off, 001…100 43
- Multi settings 44
- Multi Mixer 44
- Multi Tempo 40…300 45
- Step Sequencer 46
- Deselecting all Steps 47
- Programming Notes or Chords 47
- Programming a Pause 47
- ☞ To program a Hold event: 48
- Sequencer Panel Controls 49
- Sequencer Rotaries 50
- Sequencer Edit Menu 50
- Selection of a Pattern 51
- Option Line Parameter 51
- Pattern Length 1…32 52
- Transpose Key C-2…G8 52
- Rotate Steps 53
- Sound Parameters 54
- The Tempo 55
- Modulation Speed Levels 56
- Fast Modulation 57
- Standard Modulation 58
- Xphorm Edit Menu 62
- Triggering of Voices 63
- Oscillators 65
- The Sawtooth Wave 66
- The Square Wave 67
- The Pulse Wave 68
- The Triangle Wave 69
- Wavetable Synthesis 70
- Oscillators Panel Controls 71
- Detune -64…+63 72
- FM 0…127 72
- Pulsewidth 0…127 73
- PWM -64…+63 74
- Alt1 and Alt2 waveforms 75
- Sync Osc2 / Sync off / on 75
- PitchMod -64…+63 76
- Oscillators Edit Menu 77
- Glide Rate 0…127 78
- Glide / Active off / on 78
- Mixer Panel Controls 79
- Osc2 0…127 80
- Osc2 Balance F1 64…mid…F2 63 80
- Osc3 0…127 80
- Osc3 Balance F1 64…mid…F2 63 80
- RingMod 0…127 80
- Mixer Edit Menu 81
- Frequency 84
- Resonance 84
- Selecting and Editing Filters 85
- Filter Panel Controls 86
- Velo -64…+63 87
- Pan left 64…center…right 63 87
- Drive 0…127 87
- Filter Edit Menu 88
- Filter Types 89
- 24dB Notch and 12dB Notch 90
- The Comb filter as Chorus 92
- The Comb filter as Flanger 93
- 12dB/24dB Analog LP (Q+ only) 94
- Env Velo 95
- Amplifer Edit Menu 96
- Effect Panel Controls 97
- FX1 and FX2 Edit Menus 97
- Speed 0…127 98
- Depth 0…127 98
- Delay 0…127 98
- Overdrive 101
- Cutoff 0…127 102
- Overdrive 0…127 102
- Ring Mod 0…127 102
- Tap Delay 105
- 5.1 Delay 106
- 5.1 Surround Delay Types 106
- 5.1 D.Clk 108
- ☞ Building a Vocoder setup 109
- Bands 002…025 110
- S. Offset -64…+63 110
- Hi Offset -64…+63 110
- Arpeggiator 112
- Length 1/192…1/1 / legato 113
- Range 1 Oct…10 Oct 113
- Arpeggiator Edit Menu 114
- Max. Notes 1…16 115
- Clock 1/32t…1/1 115
- Length 1/192…127/192 / legato 115
- T. Factor 0…127 116
- Same Note Overlap Off / On 116
- Arp Timing ˆ / ¯…˛ 119
- Arp Steplen ˜ / ¯…˛ 120
- Envelopes 121
- ADSR Envelope 122
- ADS1DS2R Envelope 123
- One Shot 124
- Loop S1S2 125
- Loop All 126
- Shape Sync 127
- Speed Delay 127
- Shape Sync Speed Delay 127
- LFO Edit Menu 128
- Fade out 64…in 63 129
- Clocked Off / On 129
- Phase free, 000°…357° 129
- Modulation Matrix 130
- Modifier Matrix 131
- Control Delay 132
- Drum Map 133
- Key C-2…G8 134
- Transpose -60…+60 134
- Volume 0…127 134
- Global Parameters 135
- Tuning 430…450 Hz 137
- Transpose -12…+12 137
- HMT depth 000%...100% 138
- HMT MIDI Export off / on 138
- Ctrl W…Ctrl Z 0…120 139
- Input Gain 1…4 142
- Mix Level 0...127 143
- Operating System (OS) 143
- Pedal/CV1 Offset -64…+63 143
- ☞ To adjust Pedal/CV 1 Gain: 144
- Pedal/CV2 Gain 0...127 145
- Pedal/CV2 Curve 0...127 145
- Utility menu 146
- Init Drums 147
- Random Sound 147
- Rename Card 147
- MIDI Control 148
- Sending System Exclusive Data 151
- Other Functions 153
- The HMT function 155
- Tips & Tricks 156
- Appendix 157
- MIDI Signalflow Diagram 159
- Glossary 160
- Controller Numbers 164
- MIDI Implementation Chart 168
- Waldorf Q User’s Manual 170 169
- FCC Information (U.S.A.) 170
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